The Digital Lunch Talk program 2022:

Tuesday 24 May 2022

Ragnhild Hancke (IFE): Performance of water electrolyser system operating up to 200 bar

Abstract: A flexible PEM water electrolysis system platform for testing of small-scale prototype electrolyzers up to 200 bar, 410 A, and 33 kW has been installed at IFE. This platform is well suited to study performances of next-generation stacks and systems, and to tailor and test control strategies that safeguards the system and maximizes efficiency and durability when operated with RES. The system has now been fully commissioned with a small-scale prototype high-pressure stack, including testing up to the rated pressure of 200 bar on the H2 side.

Tor Olav Sunde (SINTEF): Development of high performance catalysts in MoZEES

Abstract: Polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is dependent on rare and expensive catalysts, with iridium (Ir) being the state of the art catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, with the ambitious global goals of increasing the installed PEMWE electrolyser capacity, the amount of Ir needed will quickly exceed the current worldwide production. Lowering the use of Ir in PEMWE is therefore crucial for a large-scale deployment of this technology. The aim of this talk is to summarize the work we have done in MoZEES Task 2.1 High-performance catalysts, following different strategies based on galvanic replacement or using ruthenium pyrochlore catalysts.

Tuesday 26 April 2022

Ruben van Beesten (NTNU): Network design modeling for decarbonization of the Norwegian freight transportation system

Abstract: Freight transport is an important sector that should be decarbonized to achieve Norway’s emission goals for 2050. We build a stochastic, multiperiod, multimodal network design model of the Norwegian long-distance freight transport system to help u:nderstand how this decarbonization can be achieved in a cost-effective way. Questions of interest are what transport modes and fuels will be most competitive and what accompanying infrastructure investments are needed.

Øystein Ulleberg (IFE): Highlights from the MoZEES year 2021

Thursday 24 March 2022

Parnia Navabpour (Teer Coatings): Coated Aluminum bipolar plates

Katie McCay (SINTEF): Bipolar Plates for PEM Fuel Cells: Current Status and Future Demands

Abstract: The bipolar plate is a key component of the PEM fuel cell, accounting for the majority of the weight and 30 % of the cost of the fuel cell stack. Carbon-based or coated metallic BPPs are currently state-of-the-art for medium- and light-duty applications, but there is still a need for cheaper and more durable BPPs. Additionally, as we move towards fuel cells for heavy duty and high-power applications, current bipolar plate materials must be optimised to meet more challenging cost, weight and lifetime demands. Can current materials meet these requirements, and how is the work we are doing in the MoZEES project helping to make this happen?

Tuesday 15 February 2022

Thomas Holm (IFE): Multi-sine EIS for early detection of PEMFC failure modes

Abstract:  Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful technique that can be used to detect small changes in electrochemical systems and subsequently identify the source of the change. In order to do this quickly, the measurement time has to be reduced while still retaining enough information to interpret the signal and correlate to the processes happening. In this work, a single-cell PEMFC was characterised with multi-sine EIS and the dynamic change of the system was successfully captured. Our results demonstrate that full multi-sine EIS spectra, encompassing a frequency range from 50 kHz to 0.5 Hz, can be collected and analysed using simple equivalent circuit models in 50 seconds. It is shown that this timeframe is sufficiently short to capture the dynamic response of the fuel cell in response to changing operating conditions, thereby validating the use of multi-sine EIS as a diagnostic technique for in-situ monitoring and fault detection during fuel cell operation.

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The Digital Lunch Talk program 2021:

Tuesday 16 November 2021

Helge Weydahl (FFI): Comparison of thermal runaway initiation methods for a cylindrical Li-ion cell

The Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI) has investigated the safety of a cylindrical Li-ion cell. During these studies, several methods have been used to initiate thermal runaway in the cells. In a recently published report we summarize the differences between these initiation methods. The tests revealed a large variation in cell behavior, also when using identical methods. This shows that abuse tests or propagation tests without repetitions can give a misleading impression of the potential hazards of the battery.

Erik Ianssen (Selfa Arctic): ZeroKyst – Innovation and collaboration between 11 strong companies for a technological shift in the seafood sector

ZeroKyst aims to strengthen Norwegian value creation and export through green growth. The project will demonstrate that both new and existing vessels in the seafood industry can be emission free and contribute to decreasing emissions from fishery and aquaculture vessels by 50% before 2030.

Tuesday 12 October 2021

Šárka Štádlerová: Designing the hydrogen supply chain for maritime transportation in Norway

We study the problem of locating hydrogen facilities for the maritime transportation sector in Norway. We model the problem as a facility location and expansion problem to obtain optimal investment and expansion decisions and to choose optimal production quantities and distribution solutions. The objective is to minimize the sum of investment, expansion, production, and distribution costs while satisfying the demand in each period.

Gerardo A. Perez-Valdes: Green Transport Economics: Norway-wide analysis of the Value Added consequences of Green Transport Policies

Using the REMES Macroeconomic model, we analyse consequences the green transport shift has on the Norwegian Economy. The Analysis focuses on the transition from fossil fuels to electricity, hydrogen and biofuels. Results provide insight on value added, production levels, and social welfare for Norway when adopting an ambitious transition.

Thursday 16 September 2021

In this Lunch Talk Center Director Øystein Ulleberg will present the MoZEES Roadmaps, followed by remarks and comments from industry partners.

1. Introduction, Katinka Grønli (5 min)
2. Presentation of MoZEES Roadmaps, Øystein Ulleberg (15 min)
3. Comments on MoZEES Hydrogen Technology Roadmap, Anders Søreng, Nel (10 min)
4. Q&A and Discussion MoZEES Roadmaps – Director and RA-leaders (20 min)

Tuesday 16 March 2021

• Wei He, Equinor: Optimizing marine battery operations using 6 years’ operational data from two commercially operating vessels (OMB6)

Abstract: Optimizing marine battery (MB) operations to maximize the benefits for ship owners by using six years MB operational data on commercially operating vessels. Firstly, the novel MB optimal operational models will be developed. Secondly, the new MB optimal models will be comprehensively tested by two commercial vessels for two and half years. Thirdly, OMB6 will provide novel roadmaps to enhance investor’s confidence in installing more MBs on vessels based on the cost benefit analysis and the synergies of cross sector collaboration.

• Halvor Høen Hval, PhD Student at UiO: Digging into the structural unknowns of the next battery superstar

Abstract: The high-voltage cathode material LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) is a promising candidate for the next generation batteries in automotive applications. To enable large scale reproducible production of high-performing LNMO, more insight into the structural mechanisms during synthesis is needed. The presence of Mn3+ is known to cause capacity fade, and while electrochemical characterization can show Mn3+ is there (from activity ~4.0 V vs Li/Li+), it cannot explain its origin. In my recent in situ synchrotron X-ray experiments I investigate correlations between (1) the oxidation state of Mn, (2) cation ordering, (3) oxygen vacancies and (4) impurity phases as temperature and oxygen partial pressure is changed

Tuesday 16 February 2021

• Mathias Henriksen, PhD student from The University of South-Eastern Norway: Li-ion gas explosion in an open-ended Channel.

Abstract: Several fires and explosions caused by LIBs have been reported in recent years. In Arizona 2019, a Li-ion battery energy storage system (BESS) caught fire and later exploded, injuring several firefighters. A hybrid car ferry in Norway caught fire, which was followed by an explosion in October 2019. To evaluate the risk and consequence concerning LIB infrastructure and vehicles, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations can be essential. This presentation will show a CFD simulation of a gas explosion in an open-ended channel, which is compared to experiments in the explosion laboratory.

Tuesday 26 January 2021

• Joans Martin, PhD student at NTNU. Title: Zero-emission fuels in the transport sector – A spatial market diffusion model for Norway
  

In this PhD work we will develop a mathematical programming model to investigate the market diffusion of zero-emission fuels for air, sea and land transport by focusing on heavy and long-distance vehicles in Norway under specific techno-economic constraints and economic instruments. By modelling stock changes and purchase decisions for new drive technologies with spatial and temporal resolution, we aim to develop pathways towards a zero-emission transport energy system.

• Janis Danebergs, Researchers at IFE. Title: Zero emission heavy-duty trucks and the energy system
  

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The Digital Lunch Talk program 2020:

Thursday 10 December 2020

• Piotr Bujlo, Researcher at IFE. Title: Development of fuel cell stacks and systems at HySA Systems Integration & Technology Validation Centre of Competence

Hydrogen and fuel cell technology is being developed worldwide aiming at decarbonization of energy and transport sector. National Hydrogen South Africa (HySA) Programme was established in 2008 on African continent and three Centres of Competence were created. R&D work at the Centres focuses on different aspects of hydrogen production\storage technology as well as fuel cell stack components and system design, integration and validation. HySA Systems’ CoC mandate is the development of high and low temperature PEMFC stacks, stack characterization and validation as well as design and integration of fuel cell systems for stationary and transport applications. The presentation will provide an overview of R&D works in the mentioned fields conducted at HySA Systems CoC hosted by the University of the Western Cape.

• Agnieszka Weronika Lach, PhD student at USN. Title: Large scale experiments of hydrogen releases in underground parking- mechanical ventilation system

The releases of hydrogen inside a semi-confined space, such as an underground parking garage, may result in a hydrogen cloud under the ceiling. Hydrogen concentration is related to the hydrogen release rate. That is why it is important to find the release rates at which the mass flow of hydrogen does not create a cloud of concentration above 1% (or 4%, or other criteria). The influence of mechanical ventilation in such a setup is a second important factor in the investigation. The measured data during large-scale experiments will be used to validate models to calculated hydrogen concentration in semi-confined space with forced ventilation. The results will help to conclude the effectiveness of regulated ventilation systems and the upper limit of the hydrogen release rate that will not require a change in the ventilation system in case of a hydrogen release accident.

Tuesday 10 November 2020

• Cyriac M. George, Researcher at TØI Title: An innovation systems perspective on hydrogen fuel for transport

The project uses a technological innovation systems framework to identify barriers and drivers to the introduction of hydrogen fuel in the Norwegian transport system. This involves a broader investigation of fleet electrification whereby fuel cell and battery electric drivetrains are compared the in passenger vehicle and heavy-duty/maritime segments. This includes a national general public survey concerning awareness of and attitudes towards hydrogen fuel. The project will also study the links between transport and other industrial sectors with respect to hydrogen.

• Patrick Fortin, Research Scientist at SINTEF Industry Title: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells for Offshore Applications

As Europe takes aim at decarbonizing of the maritime sector, fuel cells will play an important role as a scalable, zero-emission power source. As part of the Norwegian Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Centre’s low temperature node, SINTEF operates a 10 kW PEMFC test station. This presentation will provide an overview of the stack testing capabilities at SINTEF and highlight some initial results, with an eye towards the applicability to offshore applications.

• Eleonora Gadducci, PhD student at University of Genoa Title: Degradation in Polymeric Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

Polymeric Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) are considered a promising technology for the future zero-emissions transportation system. Nevertheless, some bottlenecks to their assessment are cost and durability, which are both linked to degradation: indeed, the most vulnerable components – polymeric membrane and catalyst – are as well the largest cost components of a FC stack. A deep understanding of degradation phenomena can improve monitoring techniques, prognostics and hint adequate control strategies, leading to the enhancement of FC’s useful life. The presentation focuses on these aspects, to provide a complete knowledge on degradation mechanisms – chemical, mechanical and by operation. Thanks to the information acquired, the future research foresees the development of mathematical models to predict cell degradation in different operative profiles and boundary conditions, using appropriate voltage degradation rates and equations. The University of Genoa aims to develop a model on Matlab-Simulink to adapt stack voltage calculation depending on estimated degradation. The model will be validated with experimental data available next year.

Tuesday 9 June 2020

• Xinwei Sun, PhD Candidate, UiO: Polymer-ceramic composite membranes for intermediate temperature PEM applications – Synthesis and proton conductivity measurement by impedance spectroscopy. 

A prototype PEM sample holder for conductivity measurements of polymer membranes in a ProboStat® at higher temperatures than what is reachable in the commercial PEM sample holders will also be introduced in this talk.

• Vegard Østli, PhD Candidate, NTNU and TØI: Travel behaviour effects of BEV ownership

Norwegian transport policy is designed to promote the purchase and usage of battery electric vehicles (BEV). These policies reduce the marginal costs of travel for BEV’s significantly by lowering out of pocket costs as well as time cost. In line with economic theory the lowered price of car transport could increase travel demand as consumers are switching from conventional vehicles towards BEV’s. In this work I utilize data from the Norwegian Travel Survey to examine whether such effects are present.

Tuesday 26 May 2020

• Hamid Reza Zamanizadeh, PhD Candidate, NTNU – Modification of stainless steel for OER electrode in alkaline media

Abstract: 316L stainless steel is activated through electro-oxidation at constant potentials in KOH solution to be used as OER electrode. The activation is performed in order to achieve an electrode surface with beneficial electrocatalytic properties. Durability and activity of the samples are analyzed using cyclic voltammetry and potential step measurements at a lab scale in alkaline environment and at ambient conditions. The correlation of electrocatalytic activity with surface properties is investigated using GD-OES, XPS and SEM

• André Vagner Gaathaug, Associate professor Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, USN

André will present the HyTunnel-CS project, researching safety of hydrogen driven vehicles and transport through tunnels and similar confined spaces.

Tuesday 12 May 2020

• Elise Ramleth Østli – RA1: Stabilization of high-voltage LNMO cathodes by surface coating

Abstract: The high operating voltage of cobalt-free LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ (LNMO) at 4.7 V vs Li+/Li makes it an interesting cathode material for rechargeable Li-ion batteries (LiBs), in particular for automotive applications. However, the issues with transition metal ion dissolution and extensive electrolyte degradation must be addressed before the material can be fully commercialized. In this work, LiNi_0.43Mn_1.57O₄ was coated with both Al₂O₃ or TiO₂ by atomic layer deposition (ALD) in several thicknesses (5, 10, and 20 ALD cycles). Electrochemical and material characterization has been performed to evaluate the coating’s effect on capacity, capacity retention and Coulombic efficiency.

• Daniel Tevik Rogstad – RA1: Screening of ionic liquid electrolytes for high µ-Si content electrodes

Abstract: Ionic liquids are electrolyte candidates for lithium ion batteries because of their high thermal and electrochemical stability. In this work, four ionic liquids are investigated for their properties and performance as electrolytes for micron sized silicon anodes